The RAM on your MPU board has gone bad, that's why you are getting garbage when the system switches to graphics mode. There's no troubleshooting, you already found out what is wrong. You need a working MPU board, ram can only be replaced if you get the exact part number and you are proficient at surface mount component replacement. The board are cheap enough where it is not worth paying someone to do it, not to mention you have to go and find a source for the RAM chips (which are probably obsolete and hard to source).